Magnetic nanoparticle-supported Pd(II)-cryptand 22 complex: An efficient and reusable heterogeneous precatalyst in the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling and the formation of aryl–sulfur bonds

• Silica-coated magnetic nanoparticle-supported Pd-crypt and 22 complex catalyst.
• [Fe3O4@SiO2@C22–Pd(II)]- catalyzed Caryl–Caryl and Caryl–S bond formation.
• Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of arylboronic acids and aryl halides.
• The heterogeneous catalyst was recycled and reused for five successive times.
• Various biaryls and thioethers were obtained.

In the present work, silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles [Fe3O4@SiO2@C22–Pd(II)] were prepared and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, inductively coupled plasma, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis. This heterogeneous catalyst is utilized as an effective catalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of arylboronic acids and aryl halides, and the cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides and thiols. The catalyst was easily separated by magnetic decantation and the recovered catalyst was reused for five cycles without any significant loss of the catalytic activity.

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