Using a multilevel approach to analyse the case of forest conflicts in the Terai, Nepal

► Recent years have witnessed increasing forest-related conflicts in Nepal's Terai. ► Multiple conflicts are explained as a nested concept, interacting at various levels. ► A multilevel approach is developed and applied as a broad comprehensive framework. ► Multilevel conflicts are situated within different forest governance regimes. ► The multilevel approach is a useful tool for analysing forest conflicts elsewhere.