Evaporation heat transfer characteristics of a grooved heat pipe with micro-trapezoidal grooves

A detailed mathematical model predicting the effect of contact angle on the meniscus radius, thin film profile and heat flux distribution occurring in the micro-trapezoidal grooves of a heat pipe has been presented. The model can be used to determine the maximum evaporating heat transfer rate in the evaporator including the effects of disjoining pressure and surface tension. The equation of meniscus radii calculation in the evaporator at given heat load based on the liquid wicks configuration has been put forward. The numerical results show that while the capillary limitation governs the maximum heat transport capability in a grooved heat pipe, the thin film evaporation determines the effective thermal conductivity in a grooved heat pipe. The ratio of the heat transfer through the thin film region to the total heat transfer through the wall to the vapor phase decreases when the contact angle increases. The superheat effects on the heat flux distribution in the thin film region also have been conducted and the results show that the disjoining pressure plays an important role in this region. The current investigation will result in a better understanding of thin film evaporation and its effect on the effective thermal conductivity in a grooved heat pipe.