Theoretical and experimental aspects of vacuum impregnation of porous media using transparent etched networks

► We have shown experiments of vacuum impregnation in a glass micromodel. ► During the vacuum step, air bubbles were eliminated from the micromodel. ► Capillary number and viscosity ratio were computed. ► Mechanisms range in stable displacement and capillary fingering in vacuum step. ► Mechanisms range in continuous and discontinuous domains in atmospheric step.