Numerical optimization of a fin-tube gas to liquid heat exchanger

► The effects of geometrical parameters of plate fin and protrusions are investigated. ► The use of each single protrusion is found to increase heat transfer performance. ► Single protrusions are found to create moderate total pressure drop increase. ► The use of three different protrusions together provides even higher heat transfer. ► Modest total pressure drop increase is also encountered when three protrusions are used.