Double-diffusive natural convective boundary layer flow in a porous medium saturated with a nanofluid over a vertical plate: Prescribed surface heat, solute and nanoparticle fluxes

The Buongiorno model [16] has been used to study the double-diffusive natural convection from a vertical plate to a porous medium saturated with a binary base fluid containing nanoparticles. The model identifies the Brownian motion and thermophoresis as the primary mechanisms for enhanced convection characteristics of the nanofluid. The behavior of the porous medium is described by the Darcy model. The vertical surface has the heat, mass and nanoparticle fluxes each prescribed as a power law function of the distance along the wall. The transport equations are transformed into four nonlinear, coupled similarity equations containing eight dimensionless parameters. These equations are solved numerically to obtain the velocity, temperature, solute concentration and nanoparticle concentration in the respective boundary layers. Results are presented to illustrate the effects of various parameters including the exponent of the power law describing the imposed surface fluxes on the heat and mass transfer characteristics of the flow. These results are supplemented with the data for the reduced Nusselt number and the two reduced Sherwood numbers, one for the solute and the other for the nanoparticles.