Hydration of ternary cement in the presence of triisopropanolamine

The effects of triisopropanolamine (TIPA) on the strength development and hydration kinetics of a ternary cement containing slag and CaCO3 were investigated by mixture design. The strength development of the blend was considerably enhanced by the accelerated chemical reactions on each component. A very strong interaction effect of slag and CaCO3 on the strength enhancement prior to 7 d was observed. The addition of TIPA promoted the hydration of laboratory cement by promoting the dissolution of ferrite, which resulted in more CH being released to participate in the reaction with slag. The dissolution of the slag itself was markedly accelerated by TIPA in a simulated highly alkaline pore solution. The use of TIPA promoted the formation of carboaluminate due to the accelerated C4AF/C3A-CaCO3 reaction, which stabilized the formation of AFt during hydration. In addition, it confirmed that Fe ions were able to enter the AFt structure during hydration with TIPA.