کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
6766242 | 512451 | 2016 | 14 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
A 100% wind, water, sunlight (WWS) all-sector energy plan for Washington State
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
مهندسی انرژی
انرژی های تجدید پذیر، توسعه پایدار و محیط زیست
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چکیده انگلیسی
This study analyzes the potential and consequences of Washington State's use of wind, water, and sunlight (WWS) to produce electricity and electrolytic hydrogen for 100% of its all-purposes energy (electricity, transportation, heating/cooling, industry) by 2050, with 80-85% conversion by 2030. Electrification plus modest efficiency measures can reduce Washington State's 2050 end-use power demand by â¼39.9%, with â¼80% of the reduction due to electrification, and can stabilize energy prices since WWS fuel costs are zero. The remaining demand can be met, in one scenario, with â¼35% onshore wind, â¼13% offshore wind, â¼10.73% utility-scale PV, â¼2.9% residential PV, â¼1.5% commercial/government PV, â¼0.65% geothermal, â¼0.5% wave, â¼0.3% tidal, and â¼35.42% hydropower. Converting will require only 0.08% of the state's land for new footprint and â¼2% for spacing between new wind turbines (spacing that can be used for multiple purposes). It will further result in each person in the state saving â¼$85/yr in direct energy costs and â¼$950/yr in health costs [eliminating â¼830 (190-1950)/yr statewide premature air pollution mortalities] while reducing global climate costs by â¼$4200/person/yr (all in 2013 dollars). Converting will therefore improve health and climate while reducing costs.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Renewable Energy - Volume 86, February 2016, Pages 75-88
Journal: Renewable Energy - Volume 86, February 2016, Pages 75-88
نویسندگان
Mark Z. Jacobson, Mark A. Delucchi, Guillaume Bazouin, Michael J. Dvorak, Reza Arghandeh, Zack A.F. Bauer, Ariane Cotte, Gerrit M.T.H. de Moor, Elissa G. Goldner, Casey Heier, Randall T. Holmes, Shea A. Hughes, Lingzhi Jin, Moiz Kapadia, Carishma Menon,