MSDG: A novel green data gathering scheme for wireless sensor networks

Green data gathering is urgently required for solving the conflict between various functionalities demanded by applications and the limited energy supply for sensor nodes. This paper proposes a Multi-Strip Data Gathering (MSDG) scheme that can effectively reduce the amount of data transmitted. In the MSDG scheme, the network is divided into multiple strips, in which each of the nodes around the strip transmit data to the center with the data fusion method. The number of data fusion packets is m when data arrives at the strip center. The nodes at the strip center collect data using the compressed sensing (CS) method, and all the data in the strip after routing along a circle are collected on a node called the start node, which maintains a packet length of m. Finally, the data on each start node of the strip are fused using the CS method, starting from the outermost start nodes to reach the sink, to achieve data collection for the entire network. Simulation and theoretical analyses demonstrate that the MSDG strategy, compared with the existing hybrid-CS scheme, can enable the network lifetime to increase by nearly 5 times. Additionally, the energy utilization is increased from 21% to 61%, which significantly enhances the performance of data collection in the wireless sensor networks.