Artificial pancreas for type 1 diabetes: Closed-loop algorithm based on Error Dynamics Shaping

The present study evaluates Error Dynamics Shaping (EDS) as an alternative closed-loop strategy for subcutaneous insulin delivery in type 1 diabetes. EDS uses the energy-based principle of damping to ensure a robust stability of closed-loop systems despite strong unknown disturbances. It benefits from intuitive tuning criteria and provides explicit state feedback control laws requiring few computational resources. Using FDA approved UVa T1DM simulator, the robustness of an EDS controller against meal profile variability was tested in one scenario over a day and three scenarios over a week with meal variability. No hypoglycaemia was recorded and hyperglycaemias kept limited. In silico, EDS controller proved effective in achieving normoglycaemia and robust to meal disturbances.

► The aim is to develop an artificial pancreas for type 1 diabetes subjects.
► We evaluate Error Dynamics Shaping (EDS) as a new closed-loop strategy.
► We synthesize a robust controller without any meal information.
► In silico experiments using FDA approved simulator validate the approach.