Numerical treatment for boundary value problems of Pantograph functional differential equation using computational intelligence algorithms

- For the first time, stochastic numerical treatment of Pantograph functional differential equations is presented.
- Development of neural networks mathematical modeling in an unsupervised manner.
- Obtaining reliable and accurate solutions with trained neural networks optimized with hybrid computational intelligence algorithms.
- Validation of accuracy and convergence based on sufficient large number of simulations in term of various performance operators.
- Comparing the performance of artificial intelligence algorithms applied to various nonlinear boundary value problems.