Nonlinearities in biodiversity incentive schemes: A study using an integrated agent-based and metacommunity model

► We examine the effect of increasing agri-environmental incentives on biodiversity. ► Experiments are conducted using a coupled agent-based and metacommunity model. ► Results show a nonlinear relationship between incentive and biodiversity. ► Scenarios often show declining biodiversity at high incentives. ► Context-sensitivity supports schemes designed to include a local component.