Ultrasound-assisted single extraction tests for rapid assessment of metal extractability from soils by total reflection X-ray fluorescence

- Miniaturized and ultrasound-accelerated single extraction tests were proposed.
- EDTA and acetic acid extractable metal fractions were determined in soil samples.
- These procedures were combined with total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) for measurement.
- We employed low amount of sample, volume of reagents and reduced extraction times.
- Potential metal bioavailability can be easily assessed.