In vitro and preliminary in vivo toxicity screening of high-surface-area TiO2-chondroitin-4-sulfate nanocomposites for bone regeneration application

- TiO2/chondroitin-4-sulfate nanocomposites with 294.8 m2 g−1 surface area.
- Nanocomposites with stoichiometric Ca/P ratio (1.64 and 1.66).
- 16 mm and 12 mm of susceptibility against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli respectively.
- Elevated osteocalcin production in MG-63 with 2.8 fold up-regulation.
- The preliminary in vivo toxicity study showed 20% of increased hatching rate.