Effects of the swirl ratio and injector hole number on the combustion and emission characteristics of a light duty diesel engine

The experimental results demonstrated that the swirl intensity has an effect on the combustion and emission characteristics. An enhanced swirl intensity reduced the PM and CO emissions but increased the NOx emissions and ISFC. An increase of the injector hole number resulted in decreases of the PM and CO emissions along with a an increase of NOx emissions and no significant difference of output. However, the exhaust characteristics with the 10 hole injector deteriorated as the interference increased.