Experimental and modeling study of controller-based thermal management of battery modules under dynamic loads

This paper reports both the experimental and numerical study of the thermal management of a Li-ion battery module consisting of multiple cylindrical cells under dynamic loads. The numerical study includes both detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and reduced-order modeling (ROM) modeling. A series of experiments and numerical simulations on different conditions were performed to design the optimal cooling strategy for the module, in terms of the maximum temperature rise and parasitic power consumption. The major contribution from this work is the design of a controller-based cooling scheme that can reduce the parasitic power consumption considerably while maintaining the temperature rise within optimal range under various dynamic loading conditions (such as the urban assault cycle, UAC). The design of the cooling scheme was accomplished in three steps. First, experiments of different cooling schemes were performed under controlled conditions in wind tunnel. Second, experimental data obtained from the first step were used to develop and validate the CFD and ROM models. And third, the validated ROM was then used to simulate and design controller-based cooling strategies for battery modules under practical dynamic load profiles such as the UAC profile.