Modelling the biodegradation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by activated sludge and a pure culture

► A model for ibuprofen and ketoprofen biodegradation by activated sludge is presented. ► Twelve ibuprofen and ketoprofen degrading isolates were identified from WWTP sludge. ► A different model described the biodegradation of ibuprofen of by a pure culture. ► Pharmaceutical biodegradation models may require adaptation depending upon the system. ► This study provides an advance towards modelling pharmaceutical biodegradation in WWTPs.