Biosynthesis of long chain hydroxyfatty acids from glucose by engineered Escherichia coli

► Engineered Escherichia coli can catalyze the biosynthesis of long chain hydroxyfatty acids (HFAs) directly from glucose. ► The length of the produced HFAs can be altered by different thioesterases. ► An engineered E. coli which was knocked out the fadD gene showed improved HFAs production from glucose substrate.