The effect of torrefaction on the chemistry of fast-pyrolysis bio-oil

► Torrefaction pretreatment alters the thermo-chemical properties of Loblolly pine. ► Pyrolysis bio-oil from torrefied biomass features reduced oxygen-to-carbon ratio. ► Pyrolysis bio-oil from torrefied biomass features reduced water content. ► Pyrolysis bio-oil from torrefied biomass has highly concentrated lignin compounds.