Noninvasive nanoparticle strategies for brain tumor targeting

Versatile nanoparticles are designed to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and target brain tumors. The BBB maintains the integrity and homeostasis of the central nervous system yet represents an intimidating hurdle for efficient drug delivery to brain tumors. This up-to-date review summarizes strategies that have been employed to cross the BBB as well as focuses on non-invasive nanoparticles that could pass the BBB after systemic administration. Results of recent advances in liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, and inorganic nanoparticles are analyzed mechanistically with an emphasis on design principles. By engineering nanoparticles with appropriate size, surface properties, and ligands, effective drug delivery to brain tumors may be achieved.210