Variability of a “force signature” during windmill softball pitching and relationship between discrete force variables and pitch velocity

Averaged force-time curves with point-by-point standard deviation (SD) termed “force signatures” of two pitchers over multiple trials. Data collected during “push-off” phase of windmill pitching. Differences in time between peak forces (TBP) and second peak force (FZ2). Curve-average variability also differed between sub-elite (%CV = 6.5) and elite (%CV = 2.0) pitchers.128