کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
7468830 | 1485108 | 2018 | 12 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Phosphorus flows and legacy accumulation in an animal-dominated agricultural region from 1925 to 2012
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
جریان فسفر و تجمع میراث در یک منطقه کشاورزی تحت سلطه حیوان از سال 1925 تا 2012 است
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
علوم زیست محیطی (عمومی)
چکیده انگلیسی
Phosphorus (P) is a scarce but critical input for agriculture, yet its overuse can lead to water quality degradation. Most P applied as fertilizer and manure binds to soils, accumulating over time, constituting a legacy source with implications for mitigating nutrient pollution. To investigate how the flows and balance of P evolved over a period of rapidly changing technology, agricultural practices, and land cover, we modeled P flows in Vermont's dairy-dominated agricultural system at county- and state-levels from 1925 to 2012. An important dairy exporter, Vermont faces water quality challenges complicated by a mismatch between the scale of the market and that of policymaking, a common occurrence in export-oriented agricultural regions. Over the period analyzed, agricultural soils accumulated atâ¯>1000â¯tonnes of P annually, accruing a legacy stockâ¯>230,000â¯tonnes. The peak surplus of 4439â¯tonnes occurred in 1950, declining to 1493â¯tonnes per annum in 2012. Legacy P accumulation at the state-level ranged fromâ¯<1 to> 16â¯kgâ¯haâ1, depending on year and measurement method. The decline in total P surplus reflects an 82% decline in fertilizer use that was partly offset by an increase in animal feed imports, the largest source of P entering Vermont since 1982. Despite declining inputs, milk output doubled, evidence of increased P use efficiency. Simultaneously, animal unit density increased byâ¯>250%, enabled by rising feed imports. While feed is imported and milk exported, manure remains in Vermont; hence, Vermont soils continue to accrue legacy P at ratesâ¯>â¯5â¯kgâ¯haâ1, undermining efforts to reduce P runoff and achieve water quality targets. We discuss the governance, management, and policy implications, outlining opportunities to improve input accountability to address the persistent P imbalance. We highlight constraints facing regional policymakers due to increased embeddedness in commodity trade networks.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Global Environmental Change - Volume 50, May 2018, Pages 88-99
Journal: Global Environmental Change - Volume 50, May 2018, Pages 88-99
نویسندگان
Michael B. Wironen, Elena M. Bennett, Jon D. Erickson,