Identification of Pinto bean peptides with inhibitory effects on α-amylase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activities using an integrated bioinformatics-assisted approach

Five Pinto bean peptides with α-amylase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities were successfully identified using the integrated bioinformatics approach. By using PEAKS studio, 511 peptide sequences were first shortlisted based on their de novo sequence property and average local confidence (ALC) yield of ≥60%. Subsequently, only five peptides were found to have high potential (score ≥0.80) for contributing bioactivy. The important sites which were potentially bound by the peptides: (a) Trp58, Trp59, Tyr 62, Asp96, Arg195, Asp197, Glu233, His299, Asp300 and His305 for α-amylase; (b) His353, Ala354, His383, Glu384, His387, Glu411, Lys511, His513, Tyr520 and Tyr523 for ACE had corresponded to the catalytic and substrate binding sites of the two enzymes. A validation assay was then conducted and IC50 values were determined. The range of the values for α-amylase inhibitory activity was 10.03-23.33 mM, whereas the values for ACE inhibitory activity were of 1.52-31.88 μM.