Effervescence assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on cohesive floating organic drop for the determination of herbicides and fungicides in water and grape juice

A novel effervescence assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on cohesive floating organic drop has been developed for simultaneous determination of triazine herbicides and triazole fungicides in aqueous samples followed by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography tandem a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. In this method, 1-undecanol as extractant was well dispersed by effervescence. In order to obtain relatively high extraction efficiency, the effects of salt, volume of effervescence mixture, volume of extraction solvent and temperature were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the proposed method showed good linearity within the range of 0.05-10 μg L−1 with correlation coefficients of 0.9987-0.9999. The recoveries of analytes were in the range of 72.4-101.5% with relative standard deviations ranging from 2.6% to 11.7%. The limits of detection were varied from 2.7 to 9.7 ng L−1. This method has been successfully used to simultaneously analyze triazine herbicides and triazole fungicides in surface waters and grape juice.