کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
7606 558 2012 10 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
The triggering of apoptosis in macrophages by pristine graphene through the MAPK and TGF-beta signaling pathways
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه مهندسی شیمی بیو مهندسی (مهندسی زیستی)
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
The triggering of apoptosis in macrophages by pristine graphene through the MAPK and TGF-beta signaling pathways
چکیده انگلیسی

With the development of nanotechnology and the wide use of graphene, it has become necessary to assess the potential biological adverse effects of graphene. However, most of the recent publications are focused on various modified graphenes. We demonstrated biological effects of commercial pristine graphene in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages, which is an important effector cells of the innate immune system. We found that the pristine graphene can induce cytotoxicity through the depletion of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), then trigger apoptosis by activation of the mitochondrial pathway. The MAPKs (JNK, ERK and p38) as well as the TGF-beta-related signaling pathways were found to be activated in the pristine grapheme-treated cells, which activated Bim and Bax, two pro-apoptotic member of Bcl-2 protein family. Consequently, the caspase 3 and its downstream effector proteins such as PARP were activated and the execution of apoptosis was initiated. This study provides an insight for the suppression of the apoptosis induced by the graphene through the mitochondrial pathways, the MAPKs- and TGF-beta-related signaling pathways.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Biomaterials - Volume 33, Issue 2, January 2012, Pages 402–411
نویسندگان
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