Anodic nanoporous SnO2 grown on Cu foils as superior binder-free Na-ion battery anodes

Vertically oriented nanoporous SnO2 is directly grown on Cu foil by anodizing a Sn/Cu bilayer film that is fabricated using a facile cold rolling method. Without the need for any additives/binders, the specimens thus obtained are readily applicable as high-performance Na-ion battery electrodes.332