Poly(vinylimidazole) radiografted PVDF nanospheres as alternative binder for high temperature PEMFC electrodes

Within the framework of high-temperature polymer fuel cells doped with phosphoric acid, we investigate the replacement of the conventional binder in the catalyst layers by functionalized solid PVDF nanospheres. Aim of this study is to develop and test an innovative binder which might create enhanced electrode porosity and acid distribution. Aqueous suspensions of PVDF nanospheres (d ∼ 200 nm) are obtained by radical emulsion polymerization and are functionalized by Vinyl-Imidazole (VI) groups via in situ γ-radiation. As a consequence the nanospheres can interact with H3PO4 to obtain proton conductivity. Catalyst inks are prepared mixing the nanospheres with commercial Pt/C electrocatalyst powder, solvents and phosphoric acid. Prototype electrodes are deposited by spraying and preliminary fuel cell tests are carried out at 160 °C under dry H2/air. Electrodes with grafted PVDF nanospheres as solid binder are demonstrated and its understanding is in progress. Further improvements are outlined.