Photoelectrochemical cell/dye-sensitized solar cell tandem water splitting systems with transparent and vertically aligned quantum dot sensitized TiO2 nanorod arrays

► To realize an unassisted water splitting system, the photoanode and dye-sensitized solar cell tandem structures are tried. ► Vertically aligned CdS sensitized TiO2 nanorod arrays are grown on transparent conducting oxide substrate. ► Electrodeposition and spray pyrolysis deposition of CdS nanoparticle sensitization are carried out.