The use of esterase polymorphism for analysis of the genetic diversity and structure of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert. Bertoni) populations

► Fixation of alleles for α/β-esterase in artificially selected stevia plant showed practical applications. ► The uniform α/β-esterase phenotype may be applied for the monitoring of genetic stability. ► Genetic diversity found in the populations may be used to guide management practices. ► Populations showing high heterozygosity may be goal for continuous selection processes.