Negative phase velocity and negative refraction in orthorhombic dielectric-magnetic lossy media with polarization along one of principal axes

The characteristics of the TE plane wave propagations in orthorhombic dielectric-magnetic lossy media are investigated. The special case for the electric field being parallel to one principal axis and the wave vector lying wholly in the plane formed by the other two principal axes is considered. The dissipation is taken into account by letting the elements of the permittivity and the permeability tensors to be complex. The general condition on the negative phase velocity for uniform TE plane waves is provided in terms of material parameters and the propagation angle. The numerical calculations for the angles between the average Poynting vector and the phase velocity are performed in order to justify the theoretical analysis. In addition, the TE refraction between the free space and the orthorhombic dielectric-magnetic lossy media are also considered and the general condition on the negative refraction is derived.