Comparison of off-grid power supply systems using lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries

For the case of solar photovoltaic village power supply systems, an energy management system was implemented to optimize power flows in a hybrid storage system containing both lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries. Optimization of this “hybrid” system led to a selection of both types of batteries with small capacity of lead-acid battery (0.24 kW h) compared to NCA battery (1.44 kW h) backed up with diesel generator. Further analysis was done regarding the benefits of village power supply systems over individual SHS, and it was found that the LCOE for solar PV village power supply systems was lower than the LCOE for single SHS.