Molecular dynamic simulation of tungsten ablation under transient high heat flux

Molecular dynamic (MD) method is used to simulation the tungsten ablation under transient high heat flux generated by energetic ions. A model including 363,600 W atoms was built based on Finnis-Sinclair potential. The results show that the ablation threshold is much lower than the one of boiling. So the ablation effects might be underestimated if using energy threshold of boiling instead of that of ablation. Particle size distribution of ablation products follows a power decay law with an exponent around −2.5, which does not affect by the incident heat flux. The transverse velocities of particles obey normal distribution, and a stream speed is added to the random movement for the longitudinal velocity. As the ablation start up, the recoiled impulse can induce shock wave in remained target, which is supported by experimental pressure wave measurements.