One-step surface modification of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by pyrrole

A convenient and environment friendly one-step surface modification process was developed to disperse multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The process involves immersing MWCNTs in a pyrrole/ethanol/H2O2 solution with ultrasonic cleaner for 2 h. The MWCNTs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Zeta potential and thermogravimetric analysis. The modified MWCNTs showed much more excellent dispersion and stability both in water and organic media. The modified MWCNTs were stable for months without any precipitation. The modification of MWCNTs was attributed to the interaction between MWCNTs and oligomer polypyrrole and also the chemical adsorption of pyrrole. The modified MWCNTs improve the mechanical performance of an epoxy coating.