کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
8264362 | 1534885 | 2014 | 5 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Cellular functions of the dual-targeted catalytic subunit of telomerase, telomerase reverse transcriptase - Potential role in senescence and aging
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
توالی سلولی توالی کاتالیست دوگانه تلومراز، تلومراز معکوس ترانس کریتاز - نقش پتانسیل در پیری و پیری
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کلمات کلیدی
nESTERCNLSMTSMitochondrial DNA - DNA میتوکندریاROS - ROSTERT - تترTelomerase reverse transcriptase - ترکیبریت معکوس تلومرازmitochondrial targeting sequence - توالی هدایت میتوکندریmtDNA - دیانای میتوکندریاییelectron transport chain - زنجیره انتقال الکترونAging - سالخوردگیnuclear export signal - سیگنال صادرات هسته ایnuclear localization signal - سیگنال محلی سازی هسته ایMitochondria - میتوکندریاNucleus - هستهETc - و غیرهSenescence - پیریReactive oxygen species - گونههای فعال اکسیژن
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
بیوشیمی، ژنتیک و زیست شناسی مولکولی
سالمندی
چکیده انگلیسی
Over the last 40Â years it has become clear that telomeres, the end of the chromosomes, and the enzyme telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), which is required to counteract their shortening, play a pivotal role in senescence and aging. However, over the last years several studies demonstrated that TERT belongs to the group of dual-targeted proteins. It contains a bipartite nuclear localization signal as well as a mitochondrial targeting sequence and, under physiological conditions, is found in both organelles in several cell types including terminally differentiated, post-mitotic cells. The canonical function of TERT is to prevent telomere erosion and thereby the development of replicative senescence and genetic instability. Besides telomere extension, TERT exhibits other non-telomeric activities such as cell cycle regulation, modulation of cellular signaling and gene expression, augmentation of proliferative lifespan as well as DNA damage responses. Mitochondrial TERT is able to reduce reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial DNA damage and apoptosis. Because of the localization of TERT in the nucleus and in the mitochondria, it must have different functions in the two organelles as mitochondrial DNA does not contain telomeric structures. However, the organelle-specific functions are not completely understood. Strikingly, the regulation by phosphorylation of TERT seems to reveal multiple parallels. This review will summarize the current knowledge about the cellular functions and post-translational regulation of the dual-targeted protein TERT.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Experimental Gerontology - Volume 56, August 2014, Pages 189-193
Journal: Experimental Gerontology - Volume 56, August 2014, Pages 189-193
نویسندگان
Niloofar Ale-Agha, Nadine Dyballa-Rukes, Sascha Jakob, Joachim Altschmied, Judith Haendeler,