Validating maps from single particle electron cryomicroscopy

- Single particle cryo-EM maps should be validated by specific tests.
- Tilt-pair analysis shows that a map is consistent with image data at low resolution.
- Map resolution should be consistent with map features and tests for over-fitting.
- Maps at low or high resolution may be validated by fitting an atomic model.
- Refinement of atomic models requires cross-validation tests to prevent over-fitting.