Phenolic compounds based conjugates from dextran aldehyde and BSA: Preparation, characterization and evaluation of their anti-cancer efficacy for therapeutic applications

Here, we have synthesized phenolic compounds (pc) based on conjugates from dextran aldehyde (dex-ald) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) and screening their potential activity as therapeutic agents in cancer disease. The synthesized conjugates were analyzed by UV-vis, FT-IR, XRD and SEM analysis. UV-vis spectra of conjugates showed the shifting of spectral peak at UV to visible region revealed the enhanced conjugation due to formation of linkage. The XRD peaks of conjugates found broader and indicating the amorphous phase of conjugating materials in compared to free components. The SEM images showed that the conjugated materials having numerous pores on its surface, which proved its porous nature. The amount of phenolic compounds conjugated with (dex-ald-pc) and (BSA-pc) were found to be 65.4 and 73.91 mg/g of conjugates, respectively. Cells viability was significantly decreased approximately 80-85% at concentration of 100 μg conjugates whereas the free polymers or phenolics did not affect the viability of cancer cells. Generation of high quantity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells treated with conjugate materials, which may caused cell apoptosis in cancer cell line. The results clearly showed that conjugation of phenolic compounds were an effective method to improve the functional properties for therapeutic applications.