Characterization and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from the stems and leaves of Abelmoschus manihot and a sulfated derivative

SLAMP-c and SLAMP-d from A. manihot stems and leaves could be explored as immunomodulatory agents, which would provide a way to utilize these enormously discarded resources and avoid massive waste. Additionally, the neutral polysaccharide, SLAMP-a, could also be developed after sulfation, suggesting that these disused resources would be further used effectively.