Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) effects on MAPK phosphorylation in human fasciculata cells and in embryonic kidney 293 cells expressing human melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R) and MC2R accessory protein (MRAP)β

Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) exerts trophic effects on adrenocortical cells. We studied the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated proteins kinases (MAPKs) in human embryonic kidney cells stably expressing the ACTH receptor, MC2R, and its accessory protein MRAPβ and in primary cultures of human adrenal fasciculata cells. ACTH induced a maximal increase in p44/p42mapk and of p38 MAPK phosphorylation after 5 min. Neither the overexpression of wild-type arrestin2, arrestin3 or their respective dominant negative forms affected p44/p42mapk phosphorylation. However, preincubation with the recycling inhibitors brefeldin A and monensin attenuated both cAMP accumulation and p44/p42mapk phosphorylation proportionally. Cyclic AMP-related PKA inhibitors (H89, KI(6-22)) and Rp-cAMPS decreased p44/p42mapk phosphorylation but not ACTH-mediated cAMP production. The selective Epac1/2 activator, 8-pCPT-2′-O-MecAMP, did not modify the effect of ACTH. Thus, cAMP/PKA, but not cAMP/Epac1/2 pathways, or arrestin-coupled internalization of MC2R is involved in ACTH-induced p44/p42mapk phosphorylation by human MC2R. Together, ACTH binding to MC2R stimulates PKA-dependent p44/p42mapk phosphorylation.