Ocena kliniczna i hemodynamiczna niemowlÄ t z ubytkiem przegrody międzykomorowej

The anamnesis and physical examination are key issues in diagnosing HF in infants with VSD. The tachypnoea, dyspnoea and poor weight gain are the most common clinical consequences in infants with HF due to VSD. HF in infants with VSD is usually classified as II-III degree in modified NYHA scale. In about 2/3 of infants with VSD ECG, chest X-ray and echo reveal hemodynamically significant left-to-right shunt.