Facteurs associés à la non-conversion de la bacilloscopie après la phase d'attaque du traitement antituberculeux. Étude réalisée dans trois centres de prise en charge de la tuberculose au Sud Bénin

The objective of this work was to describe the profile of routinely managed tuberculosis patients whose sputum smear did not become negative after the initial phase of anti-tuberculous treatment and to analyze the factors associated with this. With this aim a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive and analytical study was carried out in a population of adults with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) between 2013 and 2014 in three cities in southern Benin (Cotonou, Porto-Novo and Abomey). The data of the patients who did not convert (PTB +) were compared with those who did (PTB−). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. In 1989 (94%) of the cases, 305 (15.3%) were TPB +  with significant differences between the cities. The mean age was 38 ± 13 years vs 34 ± 12 years, respectively, for PTB + and PTB −, P = 0.091. At the end of the multivariate analysis, the factors associated with non-conversion were: high bacillary load (≥ 10 AFB/microscopic field) at diagnosis, HIV + status, and adverse outcome at the end of anti-tuberculous treatment. These patients should be monitored carefully.