Optimization of Patient Selection for Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Muscle-invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder

Redundant clinicopathologic features predicted adverse cystectomy pathology in patients treated with both NAC and upfront RC. The results of the present study demonstrated an inferior pathologic response to alternative NAC regimens in clinically organ-confined disease and implicated cardiovascular comorbidities and nutritional status in the tolerability and response to NAC. Our findings predicate the importance of using patient-specific factors to guide the sequence of definitive treatment toward timely, centralized care to improve clinical outcomes.