Are the favorable cardiovascular outcomes of empagliflozin treatment explained by its effects on multiple cardiometabolic risk factors? A simulation of the results of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial

The effects of empagliflozin on multiple CRFs account for some but not all of reduced risks of CVOs in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. More comparable control of established CRFs in type 2 diabetes CVO trials of antidiabetic agents with pleiotrophic effects would facilitate the interpretation of the observed outcomes.