Elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-9 in the sera of patients with AAA do not correspond to their production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Our study showed alteration in the levels of cytokines from inflammatory, Th1, Th2 and Th17 subtypes in the sera of patients with AAA. The production of IL-6, IL-9, IFN-γ and IL-10, however, was not solely attributed to the PBMCs. Therefore, participation of other cells in the tissue or blood should be considered in their production.