Achromobacter endocarditis in native cardiac valves - an autopsy case report and review of the literature

- Achromobacter xylosoxidans infective endocarditis is a rare condition with high mortality. Including our case, there are only 19 cases reported worldwide.
- Among the 19 reported cases of Achromobacter endocarditis, including our case, cardiac surgeries such as prosthetic cardiac valves or ventricle septal patch repairs are the most common premorbidity (63.2%) followed by valvular heart disease (26.3%).
- The overall mortality rate for Achromobacter endocarditis was 57.9% among the total 19 reported cases and was 75% (3 of 4 cases, including our case) for the native valve Achromobacter endocarditis cases.
- This is the first autopsy report of Achromobacter endocarditis involving perforation of a native mitral valve. Moreover, this is the first reported Achromobacter endocarditis that developed resistance to meropenem.