Changing land surface temperature of a rural Rarh tract river basin of India

The rise of temperature and heat island effect is frequently found in the urban areas and this effect is also clearly exhibited when work on image-based land surface temperature (LST) Modeling in different phases is carried out in Chandrabhaga river basin of Chottanagpur plateau fringe within the rural background. The average rise of LST in last 25 years is about 3.5 °C with strong seasonality. Extension of agriculture land, built up area, change of building materials, fragmentation of water bodies, deforestation, seasonal crop practice emerge as major reasons behind such rising temperature. Temperature differs almost 3 °C over different the LULC units in each season. Relatively lower temperature is registered in water bodies and vegetation but these areas have also been experienced by 1.5 °C temperature rise in last 25 years. This rate is high in case of built-up areas. The intensity of built up area is positively and strongly correlated with LST (r = 0.46-0.91). Newly grown areas are highly susceptible to temperature change. Increasing vegetation canopy density decreases LST but the nature of influence is gradually declined over advancing of time (r-value in April is reduced from −0.86 to −0.25).