Distinguishing general causality orientations from personality traits

This study investigates the conceptual overlap and distinction between individual differences in the Five-Factor Model and Self-Determination Theory. Participants were 1287 freshmen (age M = 21.71; 64% women) who completed electronic questionnaires of dispositional personality traits (NEO-FFI) and general causality orientations (GCOS). Data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analyses. Results revealed that Autonomy items defined a factor separate from personality trait factors, whereas Control and Impersonal items defined both separate factors and showed overlaps with Agreeableness and Neuroticism, respectively. Hence, causality orientations are conceptually distinct from personality traits.