Phtalates

The phthalate esters (phthalates) represent a class of chemicals largely used, mainly as plasticisers for polyvinyl chloride in a wide range of domestic and industrial applications. Their volatility and water solubility are very limited. This paper focuses on the six most largely used phthalates. In rodents, the main toxic effects observed pertain to the liver and include hepatic tumours for di-isononyl phthalate and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. However, it is generally admitted that these effects are not relevant to humans, due to the mechanism of action of these compounds. The reproductive and developmental effects are considered to be the critical endpoints for some phthalates. Di-n-butyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate, and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate can produce alterations of the developing and adult male reproductive system, and an embryo/foetal toxicity. Information on their toxic effects in human is rare.