Systemic versus local application of gentamicin in prophylaxis of implant-related osteomyelitis in a rat model

Implant-related osteomyelitis could be prevented by prophylaxis of systemically applied gentamicin in 15% of animals. In contrast, local application of gentamicin delivered from a PDLLA coating was more effective. Onset of infection could be prevented in 90% of animals treated with gentamicin coated Kirschner wires, and in 80% of the animals that were treated with a combination of local and systemic application. The local application from PDLLA-coated implants might support systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing implant-associated osteomyelitis.