Factor XII Shizuoka, a novel mutation (Ala392Thr) identified and characterized in a patient with congenital coagulation factor XII deficiency

We identified a novel mutation (Ala392Thr) in the factor XII (FXII) gene of a patient with congenital FXII deficiency, designated Factor XII Shizuoka. The proband was an asymptomatic 63-year-old Japanese male with an abnormal coagulation test, discovered by chance during preoperative testing. The FXII activity was under 3% and antigen level was under 10%. Sequence analysis of the proband's FXII gene revealed a homozygous nucleotide substitution G to A in exon 10, resulting in the amino acid substitution Ala392 to Thr in the catalytic domain. We constructed the mutant FXII cDNA in an expression plasmid vector and transfected it into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The recombinant wild-type FXII antigen was detected in the culture medium by immunoprecipitation assay, but the mutant FXII (A392T) was not observed. Both the wild-type FXII and A392T cell lysates, however, contained equivalent levels of FXII antigen and FXII mRNA, as estimated by Western blotting and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. These findings suggest that the Ala392 to Thr substitution impairs intracellular protein processing and causes a cross-reacting material -negative FXII deficiency.