Acute renal failure and Fanconi syndrome in an AIDS patient on tenofovir treatment-case report and review of literature

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, a prodrug of tenofovir, is a potent nucleotide analogue reverse-transcriptase inhibitor with activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although initially thought to be relatively safe with regards to nephrotoxic effects compared to its class drugs-adefovir and cidofovir, several cases of acute renal failure and proximal tubule dysfunction have been described in the last few months. We report another patient who developed Fanconi syndrome while on tenofovir. Her condition improved on discontinuation of the drug. We also review the literature of all patients who have developed Fanconi syndrome on tenofovir.